The separation of gases includes a relatively wide range of physical and chemical processes in several applications. Meanwhile, most classification of these separations can be classified as bellows:

Air Separation
An air separation plant is an industrial facility that separates atmospheric air into its component gases. Nitrogen and oxygen and often co-produce argon are the most common gases in the earth’s atmosphere that make up the bulk of the gases harvested in this process.
The methods for this process include cryogenic technology and PSA/ VPSA technology. Notice that just in the distillation method, the production of other inert gases such as neon, xenon, and krypton can be achieved. Other commercial methods such as pressure swing adsorption (PSA) and vacuum pressure swing adsorption (VPSA) are applied to separate just a single component (oxygen/ Nitrogen) from ordinary air.

Natural Gas Separation
The natural gas composition at the inlet of the gas separation plant is typically hydrocarbons, which are distributed from C1 (methane) to around C10 (decane), nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water, and sulfur components such as H2S, COS, and mercaptan.

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